Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 56
Filtrar
1.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 75(5)oct. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1530069

RESUMO

Introducción: Las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico representan una carga significativa en relación con la morbilidad, la mortalidad y costos adicionales. Por lo tanto, la prevención es importante. Objetivo: Comparar el índice neutrófilos-linfocitos con la escala SENIC para predecir infección del sitio quirúrgico en pacientes que sufrieron una cirugía abdominal de urgencia. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico, realizado en el Hospital de Alta Especialidad de Veracruz en expedientes de pacientes post-operados de urgencia, valorándose la escala SENIC (que incluye tipo de cirugía, duración del procedimiento, grado de asepsia de la intervención y 3 o más diagnósticos posoperatorios) y el índice neutrófilos-linfocitos (definido como la razón neutrófilos sobre linfocitos). Resultados: La edad promedio de los pacientes fue de 47,7 ± 18,7 años, con un predominio del sexo masculino 83 (62%), la estancia hospitalaria media fue de 29,7 ± 14,7 días, los procedimientos fueron la laparotomía exploradora en 57 (42,2%) y la apendicectomía en 26 (19,2%). Se aisló Escherichia coli en 27 (30%). Se obtuvo una sensibilidad de 69% y especificidad de 58% para el índice neutrófilos-linfocitos y para SENIC una sensibilidad 45% y una especificidad de 73%. Las estadísticas C para el índice neutrófilos-linfocitos y SENIC fueron 0,603 (IC: 0,524 − 0,682) y 0,668 (IC 95%: 0,588 − 0,749), respectivamente. Discusión y Conclusión: Ambos métodos muestran una precisión predictiva similar para infección del sitio quirúrgico, si bien calcular el índice neutrófiloslinfocitos es mucho más rápido y sencillo.


Introduction: Surgical site infections represent a significant burden in relation to morbidity, mortality, and additional costs. Therefore, prevention is important. Objective: To compare the neutrophil-lymphocyte index with the SENIC scale to predict surgical site infection in patients who underwent emergency abdominal surgery. Materials and Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study, carried out at the Hospital de Alta Especialidad de Veracruz in records of emergency post-operative patients, evaluating the SENIC scale (which includes type of surgery, duration of the procedure, degree of asepsis of the intervention and 3 or more postoperative diagnoses) and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (defined as the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes). Results: The average age of the patients was 47.7 ± 18.7 years, with a predominance of males 83 (62%); the mean hospital stay was 29.7 ± 14.7 days, the procedures were exploratory laparotomy in 57 (42.2%) and appendectomy in 26 (19.2%). Escherichia coli was isolated in 27 (30%). A sensitivity of 69% and specificity of 58% was obtained for the neutrophil-lymphocyte index and for SENIC a sensitivity of 45% and a specificity of 73%. The C statistics for the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and SENIC were 0.603 (CI: 0.524 − 0.682) and 0.668 (95% CI: 0.588 − 0.749), respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Both methods show similar predictive accuracy for surgical site infection, although calculating the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio is much faster and easier.

2.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 67(4): 309-316, Jun-Jul. 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-222529

RESUMO

Introducción: La detección y descolonización del Staphylococcus aureus previo a la cirugía, se postula como la opción para disminuir el riesgo de infección en artroplastias. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la efectividad de un programa de cribado de S. aureus en la artroplastia total de rodilla (ATR) y en la artroplastia total de cadera (ATC), la incidencia de infección respecto a una cohorte histórica y su viabilidad económica. Material y métodos: Estudio pre-postintervención en pacientes intervenidos de ATR y ATC en al año 2021. Se realizó protocolo de detección de colonización nasal por S. aureus y erradicación si procedía, con mupirocina intranasal, cultivo postratamiento con el resultado de 3 semanas entre cultivo postratamiento y cirugía. Se evalúan medidas de eficacia, se analizan costes y se comprara la incidencia de infección respecto a una serie histórica de pacientes intervenidos entre enero y diciembre de 2019, realizando análisis estadístico descriptivo y comparativo. Resultados: Los grupos fueron comparables estadísticamente. Se realizó el cultivo en el 89%, siendo 19 (13%) pacientes positivos. Se confirmó el tratamiento en 18, cultivo control en 14, todos descolonizados; ninguno sufrió infección. Un paciente con cultivo negativo sufrió infección por S. epidermidis. En cohorte histórica: 3 sufrieron infección profunda por S. epidermidis, E. cloacae y S. aureus. El coste del programa fue de 1.661,85€. Conclusión: El programa de cribado detectó el 89% de los pacientes. La prevalencia de infección en el grupo intervención era menor que en la cohorte, siendo S.epidermidis el microorganismo causante, diferente a S. aureus descrito en la literatura y en la cohorte. Consideramos que este programa es económicamente viable, siendo sus costes reducidos y asumibles.(AU)


Introduction: Detection and decolonization of Staphylococcus aureus prior to surgery is postulated as an option to reduce the risk of infection in arthroplasties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a screening program for S. aureus in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA), the incidence of infection with respect to a historical cohort, and its economic viability. Material and methods: Pre-post intervention study in patients undergoing primary knee and hip prostheses in 2021, a protocol was carried out to detect nasal colonization by S. aureus and eradication if appropriate, with intranasal mupirocin, post-treatment culture with results three weeks between post-treatment culture and surgery. Efficacy measures are evaluated, costs are analyzed and the incidence of infection is compared with respect to a historical series of patients operated on between January and December 2019, performing a descriptive and comparative statistical analysis. Results: The groups were statistically comparable. Culture was performed in 89%, with 19 (13%) positive patients. Treatment was confirmed in 18, control culture in 14, all decolonized; none suffered infection. One culture-negative patient suffered from Staphylococcus epidermidis infection. In historical cohort: 3 suffered deep infection by S. epidermidis, Enterobacter cloacae, S. aureus. The cost of the program is €1661.85. Conclusion: The screening program detected 89% of the patients. The prevalence of infection in the intervention group was lower than in the cohort, with S. epidermidis being the main microorganism, different from S. aureus described in the literature and in the cohort. We believe that this program is economically viable, as its costs are low and affordable.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Staphylococcus aureus , Artroplastia de Quadril/métodos , Lesões do Quadril/cirurgia , Artroplastia do Joelho/métodos , Traumatismos do Joelho/cirurgia , Traumatologia , Ortopedia , Controle de Infecções , 35170 , Incidência , Prevalência
3.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 67(4): T309-T316, Jun-Jul. 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-222530

RESUMO

Introducción: La detección y descolonización del Staphylococcus aureus previo a la cirugía, se postula como la opción para disminuir el riesgo de infección en artroplastias. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la efectividad de un programa de cribado de S. aureus en la artroplastia total de rodilla (ATR) y en la artroplastia total de cadera (ATC), la incidencia de infección respecto a una cohorte histórica y su viabilidad económica. Material y métodos: Estudio pre-postintervención en pacientes intervenidos de ATR y ATC en al año 2021. Se realizó protocolo de detección de colonización nasal por S. aureus y erradicación si procedía, con mupirocina intranasal, cultivo postratamiento con el resultado de 3 semanas entre cultivo postratamiento y cirugía. Se evalúan medidas de eficacia, se analizan costes y se comprara la incidencia de infección respecto a una serie histórica de pacientes intervenidos entre enero y diciembre de 2019, realizando análisis estadístico descriptivo y comparativo. Resultados: Los grupos fueron comparables estadísticamente. Se realizó el cultivo en el 89%, siendo 19 (13%) pacientes positivos. Se confirmó el tratamiento en 18, cultivo control en 14, todos descolonizados; ninguno sufrió infección. Un paciente con cultivo negativo sufrió infección por S. epidermidis. En cohorte histórica: 3 sufrieron infección profunda por S. epidermidis, E. cloacae y S. aureus. El coste del programa fue de 1.661,85€. Conclusión: El programa de cribado detectó el 89% de los pacientes. La prevalencia de infección en el grupo intervención era menor que en la cohorte, siendo S.epidermidis el microorganismo causante, diferente a S. aureus descrito en la literatura y en la cohorte. Consideramos que este programa es económicamente viable, siendo sus costes reducidos y asumibles.(AU)


Introduction: Detection and decolonization of Staphylococcus aureus prior to surgery is postulated as an option to reduce the risk of infection in arthroplasties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a screening program for S. aureus in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA), the incidence of infection with respect to a historical cohort, and its economic viability. Material and methods: Pre-post intervention study in patients undergoing primary knee and hip prostheses in 2021, a protocol was carried out to detect nasal colonization by S. aureus and eradication if appropriate, with intranasal mupirocin, post-treatment culture with results three weeks between post-treatment culture and surgery. Efficacy measures are evaluated, costs are analyzed and the incidence of infection is compared with respect to a historical series of patients operated on between January and December 2019, performing a descriptive and comparative statistical analysis. Results: The groups were statistically comparable. Culture was performed in 89%, with 19 (13%) positive patients. Treatment was confirmed in 18, control culture in 14, all decolonized; none suffered infection. One culture-negative patient suffered from Staphylococcus epidermidis infection. In historical cohort: 3 suffered deep infection by S. epidermidis, Enterobacter cloacae, S. aureus. The cost of the program is €1661.85. Conclusion: The screening program detected 89% of the patients. The prevalence of infection in the intervention group was lower than in the cohort, with S. epidermidis being the main microorganism, different from S. aureus described in the literature and in the cohort. We believe that this program is economically viable, as its costs are low and affordable.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Staphylococcus aureus , Artroplastia de Quadril/métodos , Lesões do Quadril/cirurgia , Artroplastia do Joelho/métodos , Traumatismos do Joelho/cirurgia , Traumatologia , Ortopedia , Controle de Infecções , 35170 , Incidência , Prevalência
4.
Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol ; 67(4): T309-T316, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36863522

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Detection and decolonization of Staphylococcus aureus prior to surgery is postulated as an option to reduce the risk of infection in arthroplasties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a screening programme for S. aureus in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA), the incidence of infection with respect to a historical cohort, and its economic viability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Pre-post intervention study in patients undergoing primary knee and hip prostheses in 2021, a protocol was carried out to detect nasal colonization by S. aureus and eradication if appropriate, with intranasal mupirocin, post-treatment culture with results three weeks between post-treatment culture and surgery. Efficacy measures are evaluated, costs are analyzed and the incidence of infection is compared with respect to a historical series of patients operated on between January and December 2019, performing a descriptive and comparative statistical analysis. RESULTS: The groups were statistically comparable. Culture was performed in 89%, with 19 (13%) positive patients. Treatment was confirmed in 18, control culture in 14, all decolonized; none suffered infection. One culture-negative patient suffered from Staphylococcus epidermidis infection. In historical cohort: three suffered deep infection by S. epidermidis, Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus aureus. The cost of the programme is €1661.85. CONCLUSION: The screening programme detected 89% of the patients. The prevalence of infection in the intervention group was lower than in the cohort, with S. epidermidis being the main micro-organism, different from S. aureus described in the literature and in the cohort. We believe that this programme is economically viable, as its costs are low and affordable.

5.
Rev. epidemiol. controle infecç ; 13(1): 1-8, jan.-mar. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1512756

RESUMO

Background and objectives: surgical site infections (SSI) continue to be a major concern in orthopedic oncology and pose as great a challenge as cancer recurrence, despite the preventive potential of surgery. SSI can be avoided if evidence-based measures are taken. The objective was to assess the frequency of infections in oncological orthopedic surgeries and associated risk factors and inflammatory markers in a reference hospital in the state of Pernambuco. Methods: the frequency of SSI, the identification of isolated microorganisms, the risk factors and the profile of Th1 and Th2 inflammatory markers (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF and IFN-Ƴ) in patients with musculoskeletal cancer were analyzed. Results: SSI were found in 9.1% of patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Bivariate analysis revealed that a surgical team comprising more than five members (p=0.041) and the need for intraoperative transfusion (p=0.012) were correlated with a higher risk of SSI. The measurement of ultrasensitive C-reactive protein levels to assess the inflammatory response after SSI showed results that were superior to the reference values for each sample, ranging from >5 to >200mg/dl by the immunoturbidimetric method. Of the IL-2, INFγ and TNF (Th1) and IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 (Th2) levels, only interleukin 6 showed high levels, between 6.68 and 58.76 pg/mL. Conclusion: the study found that surgical team with five or more members and blood transfusion were factors associated with the development of SSI in orthopedic surgery in patients with musculoskeletal cancer. Among the inflammatory markers, interleukin 6 (IL-6) showed the highest correlation with the outcome.(AU)


Justificativa e objetivos: as infecções do sítio cirúrgico (ISC) continuam sendo uma grande preocupação na oncologia ortopédica e representam um desafio tão grande quanto a recorrência do câncer, apesar do potencial preventivo da cirurgia. As ISC podem ser evitadas se forem tomadas medidas baseadas em evidências. O objetivo foi avaliar a frequência de infecções em cirurgias ortopédicas oncológicas e os fatores de risco e marcadores inflamatórios associados em um hospital de referência no estado de Pernambuco. Métodos: foram analisados a frequência de ISC, a identificação de microrganismos isolados, os fatores de risco e o perfil de marcadores inflamatórios Th1 e Th2 (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF e IFN-Ƴ) em pacientes portadores de câncer musculoesquelético. Resultados: as ISC foram encontradas em 9,1% dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortopédica. A análise bivariada revelou que uma equipe cirúrgica composta por mais de cinco membros (p=0,041) e a necessidade de transfusão intraoperatória (p=0,012) foram correlacionadas com maior risco de ISC. A dosagem dos níveis de proteína C reativa ultrassensível para avaliação da resposta inflamatória após ISC apresentou resultados superiores aos valores de referência para cada amostra, variando de >5 a >200mg/dl pelo método imunoturbidimétrico. Dos níveis de IL-2, INFγ e TNF (Th1) e IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 (Th2), apenas a interleucina 6 apresentou níveis elevados, entre 6,68 e 58,76 pg/mL. Conclusão: o estudo constatou que equipe cirúrgica com cinco ou mais membros e transfusão sanguínea foram fatores associados ao desenvolvimento de ISC em cirurgia ortopédica em pacientes com câncer musculoesquelético. Entre os marcadores inflamatórios, interleucina 6 (IL-6) apresentou maior correlação com o desfecho.(AU)


Justificación y objetivos: las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico (ISQ) siguen siendo una preocupación importante en la oncología ortopédica y representan un desafío tan grande como la recurrencia del cáncer, a pesar del potencial preventivo de la cirugía. Las ISQ se pueden prevenir si se toman medidas basadas en la evidencia. El objetivo fue evaluar la frecuencia de infecciones en cirugías ortopédicas oncológicas y los factores de riesgo y marcadores inflamatorios asociados en un hospital de referencia en el estado de Pernambuco. Métodos: se analizaron la frecuencia de ISQ, la identificación de microorganismos aislados, los factores de riesgo y el perfil de marcadores inflamatorios Th1 y Th2 (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF e IFN-Ƴ) en pacientes con cáncer musculoesquelético. Resultados: se encontraron ISQ en el 9,1% de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía ortopédica. El análisis bivariado reveló que un equipo quirúrgico compuesto por más de cinco miembros (p=0,041) y la necesidad de transfusión intraoperatoria (p=0,012) se correlacionaron con un mayor riesgo de ISQ. La medición de los niveles de proteína C reactiva ultrasensible para evaluar la respuesta inflamatoria después de la ISQ presentó resultados superiores a los valores de referencia para cada muestra, variando de >5 a >200 mg/dl por el método inmunoturbidimétrico. De los niveles de IL-2, INFγ y TNF (Th1) e IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 (Th2), solo la interleucina 6 mostró niveles elevados, entre 6,68 y 58,76 pg/mL. Conclusión: el estudio encontró que el equipo quirúrgico con cinco o más miembros y la transfusión el estudio encontró que un equipo quirúrgico con cinco o más miembros y transfusión de sangre fueron factores asociados con el desarrollo de ISQ en cirugía ortopédica en pacientes con cáncer musculoesquelético. Entre los marcadores inflamatorios, la interleucina 6 (IL-6) mostró la mayor correlación con el resultado.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica , Neoplasias Ósseas/complicações , Fatores de Risco , Neoplasias Musculares/complicações
6.
Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol ; 67(4): 309-316, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36375767

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Detection and decolonization of Staphylococcus aureus prior to surgery is postulated as an option to reduce the risk of infection in arthroplasties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a screening program for S. aureus in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA), the incidence of infection with respect to a historical cohort, and its economic viability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Pre-post intervention study in patients undergoing primary knee and hip prostheses in 2021, a protocol was carried out to detect nasal colonization by S. aureus and eradication if appropriate, with intranasal mupirocin, post-treatment culture with results three weeks between post-treatment culture and surgery. Efficacy measures are evaluated, costs are analyzed and the incidence of infection is compared with respect to a historical series of patients operated on between January and December 2019, performing a descriptive and comparative statistical analysis. RESULTS: The groups were statistically comparable. Culture was performed in 89%, with 19 (13%) positive patients. Treatment was confirmed in 18, control culture in 14, all decolonized; none suffered infection. One culture-negative patient suffered from Staphylococcus epidermidis infection. In historical cohort: 3 suffered deep infection by S. epidermidis, Enterobacter cloacae, S. aureus. The cost of the program is €1661.85. CONCLUSION: The screening program detected 89% of the patients. The prevalence of infection in the intervention group was lower than in the cohort, with S. epidermidis being the main microorganism, different from S. aureus described in the literature and in the cohort. We believe that this program is economically viable, as its costs are low and affordable.

7.
Cir Cir ; 90(6): 726-733, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36472841

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Concerns about surgical site infection (SSI) give rise to practices and procedures not evidence-based. OBJECTIVES: This study investigates whether the type of patient transfer to operating rooms plays a role in developing surgical site infection. METHODS: Three thousand four hundred and seventy-one patients were divided into two groups: transfer group with stretcher (ST) (n = 1699) and patient bed transfer group (PBT) (n = 1772). The data of the two groups and the SSI rates were comparatively analyzed. RESULTS: The SSI rate was 2.5% (n = 43) in the ST group and 2.8% (n = 49) in the PBT group, and there was no statistically significant difference. Both types of patient transfer had similar effects on the probability of SSI development. The odds ratio was 1.095 for stretcher transfer while 0.913 for patient bed transfer. CONCLUSION: Patients transfer to operating rooms on their beds are comfortable and safe. Furthermore, it has a similar effect to stretcher transfer on the probability of surgical site infection. Therefore, it is safer and cheaper to act based on evidence instead of trusting our concerns.


ANTECEDENTES: las preocupaciones sobre la infección del sitio quirúrgico (ISQ) dan lugar a prácticas y procedimientos que no se basan en pruebas. OBJETIVOS: Este estudio investiga si el tipo de traslado del paciente a los quirófanos influye en el desarrollo de la infección del sitio quirúrgico. MÉTODOS: Se dividieron 3471 pacientes en dos grupos: Grupo de transferencia con camilla (ST) (n = 1699) y Grupo de transferencia de cama de paciente (PBT) (n = 1772). Los datos de los dos grupos y las tasas de ISQ se analizaron comparativamente. RESULTADOS: La tasa de ISQ fue de 2.5% (n = 43) en el grupo ST y 2.8% (n = 49) en el grupo PBT, y no hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa. Ambos tipos de transferencia de pacientes tuvieron efectos similares sobre la probabilidad de desarrollo de ISQ. La razón de posibilidades fue de 1.095 para el traslado en camilla y de 0,913 para el traslado de la cama del paciente. CONCLUSIÓN: El traslado de los pacientes a los quirófanos en sus camas es cómodo y seguro. Además, tiene un efecto similar al traslado en camilla sobre la probabilidad de infección del sitio quirúrgico. Por lo tanto, es más seguro y económico actuar en base a evidencias en lugar de confiar en nuestras preocupaciones.


Assuntos
Transferência de Pacientes , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica , Humanos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/epidemiologia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/etiologia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle
8.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 66(6): 438-444, Nov-Dic. 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-210654

RESUMO

Introduction and objectives: Spinal metastases (SM) account for 5–30% of patients with cancer, causing pain, deformity and/or neurological deficit. Postoperative complications are a concerning subject and wound-related complications (WRC) may delay adjuvant treatment. The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence of WRC in patients with SM that underwent surgical treatment as well as possible risk factors related to the occurrence of complications. Materials and methods: Patients with SM operated between 2011 and 2021 were analyzed. Demographics characteristics, primary tumor, general and neurological status, Tokuhashi score, type of surgical treatment, surgical length, preoperative serum albumin and hemoglobin, pre and postoperative adjuvant treatment were analyzed. The incidence and risk factors of WRC – surgical site infection, hematoma, and/or dehiscence – at 90 days was evaluated. Patients were classified in two groups according to the absence/presence of WRC. Results: 198 patients (121 males and 77 females) with an average age of 65 years (range 54–73 years) were analyzed. WRC were observed in 44 patients (22%). On multivariable analysis, significant predictors for developing WRC were low Tokuhashi score (OR=7.89, 95% CI=1.37–45.35, p=0.021), prostate cancer as primary tumor (6.73, 1.14–39.65, p=0.035), and preoperative serum albumin level ≤3.5g/dL (2.31, 1.02–5.22, p=0.044). There was no difference between groups on 90 days survival rate (p=0.714). Conclusions: In our series, the incidence of WRC was 22%, main risk factors for complications were low Tokuhashi score, lower preoperative serum albumin, and prostate cancer. Finally, short-term survival rate was not affected by the occurrence of WRC.(AU)


Introducción y objetivos: Las metástasis espinales (MV) pueden ocurrir en el 5-30% de los pacientes con cáncer, provocando dolor, deformidad y/o déficit neurológico. Las complicaciones postoperatorias son un motivo de preocupación y las complicaciones relacionadas con la herida (CRH) pueden retrasar el inicio del tratamiento adyuvante. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la incidencia de CRH en pacientes con MV sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico y evaluar los posibles factores de riesgo relacionados con estas complicaciones. Materiales y métodos: Se analizaron pacientes operados por MV entre 2011 y 2021. Se analizaron características demográficas, tumor primario, estado general y neurológico, score de Tokuhashi, tipo de tratamiento quirúrgico, duración de la cirugía, albúmina sérica y hemoglobina preoperatorias, tratamiento adyuvante pre- y postoperatorio. Se evaluó la incidencia y los factores de riesgo de la CRH (infección del sitio quirúrgico, hematoma y/o dehiscencia) a los 90 días. Los pacientes se clasificaron en dos grupos según la ausencia/presencia de CRH. Resultados: Se analizaron 198 pacientes (121 hombres y 77 mujeres) con una edad promedio de 65 años (rango 54-73 años). Se observaron CRH en 44 pacientes (22%). En el análisis multivariado, los predictores significativos para el desarrollo de CRH fueron un score de Tokuhashi bajo (OR=7,89; IC del 95%=1,37-45,35; p=0,021), cáncer de próstata como tumor primario (OR=6,73; IC del 95%=1,14-39,65; p=0,035) y albúmina sérica preoperatoria≤3,5g/dL (OR=2.31; IC del 95%=1,02-5,22; p=0,044). No hubo diferencias entre los grupos en la supervivencia a los 90 días (p=0,714). Conclusiones: En nuestra serie, la incidencia de CRH fue del 22%, los principales factores de riesgo para su aparición fueron el score de Tokuhashi bajo, la albúmina sérica preoperatoria más baja y el cáncer de próstata. Finalmente, la tasa de supervivencia a corto plazo no se vio afectada por la ocurrencia de CRH.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças da Coluna Vertebral , Metástase Neoplásica , Ferimentos e Lesões/complicações , Infecção dos Ferimentos , Neoplasias , 29161 , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios , Albumina Sérica , Traumatologia , Ortopedia , Cirurgia Geral
9.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 66(6): T20-T26, Nov-Dic. 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-210668

RESUMO

Introduction and objectives: Spinal metastases (SM) account for 5–30% of patients with cancer, causing pain, deformity and/or neurological deficit. Postoperative complications are a concerning subject and wound-related complications (WRC) may delay adjuvant treatment. The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence of WRC in patients with SM that underwent surgical treatment as well as possible risk factors related to the occurrence of complications. Materials and methods: Patients with SM operated between 2011 and 2021 were analyzed. Demographics characteristics, primary tumor, general and neurological status, Tokuhashi score, type of surgical treatment, surgical length, preoperative serum albumin and hemoglobin, pre and postoperative adjuvant treatment were analyzed. The incidence and risk factors of WRC – surgical site infection, hematoma, and/or dehiscence – at 90 days was evaluated. Patients were classified in two groups according to the absence/presence of WRC. Results: 198 patients (121 males and 77 females) with an average age of 65 years (range 54–73 years) were analyzed. WRC were observed in 44 patients (22%). On multivariable analysis, significant predictors for developing WRC were low Tokuhashi score (OR=7.89, 95% CI=1.37–45.35, p=0.021), prostate cancer as primary tumor (6.73, 1.14–39.65, p=0.035), and preoperative serum albumin level ≤3.5g/dL (2.31, 1.02–5.22, p=0.044). There was no difference between groups on 90 days survival rate (p=0.714). Conclusions: In our series, the incidence of WRC was 22%, main risk factors for complications were low Tokuhashi score, lower preoperative serum albumin, and prostate cancer. Finally, short-term survival rate was not affected by the occurrence of WRC.(AU)


Introducción y objetivos: Las metástasis espinales (MV) pueden ocurrir en el 5-30% de los pacientes con cáncer, provocando dolor, deformidad y/o déficit neurológico. Las complicaciones postoperatorias son un motivo de preocupación y las complicaciones relacionadas con la herida (CRH) pueden retrasar el inicio del tratamiento adyuvante. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la incidencia de CRH en pacientes con MV sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico y evaluar los posibles factores de riesgo relacionados con estas complicaciones. Materiales y métodos: Se analizaron pacientes operados por MV entre 2011 y 2021. Se analizaron características demográficas, tumor primario, estado general y neurológico, score de Tokuhashi, tipo de tratamiento quirúrgico, duración de la cirugía, albúmina sérica y hemoglobina preoperatorias, tratamiento adyuvante pre- y postoperatorio. Se evaluó la incidencia y los factores de riesgo de la CRH (infección del sitio quirúrgico, hematoma y/o dehiscencia) a los 90 días. Los pacientes se clasificaron en dos grupos según la ausencia/presencia de CRH. Resultados: Se analizaron 198 pacientes (121 hombres y 77 mujeres) con una edad promedio de 65 años (rango 54-73 años). Se observaron CRH en 44 pacientes (22%). En el análisis multivariado, los predictores significativos para el desarrollo de CRH fueron un score de Tokuhashi bajo (OR=7,89; IC del 95%=1,37-45,35; p=0,021), cáncer de próstata como tumor primario (OR=6,73; IC del 95%=1,14-39,65; p=0,035) y albúmina sérica preoperatoria≤3,5g/dL (OR=2.31; IC del 95%=1,02-5,22; p=0,044). No hubo diferencias entre los grupos en la supervivencia a los 90 días (p=0,714). Conclusiones: En nuestra serie, la incidencia de CRH fue del 22%, los principales factores de riesgo para su aparición fueron el score de Tokuhashi bajo, la albúmina sérica preoperatoria más baja y el cáncer de próstata. Finalmente, la tasa de supervivencia a corto plazo no se vio afectada por la ocurrencia de CRH.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças da Coluna Vertebral , Metástase Neoplásica , Ferimentos e Lesões/complicações , Infecção dos Ferimentos , Neoplasias , 29161 , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios , Albumina Sérica , Traumatologia , Ortopedia , Cirurgia Geral
10.
Rev. cuba. ortop. traumatol ; 36(3)sept. 2022. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1441774

RESUMO

Introducción: La descontaminación preoperatoria de la piel es parte de la práctica quirúrgica estándar. La infección del sitio quirúrgico implica un gasto adicional a los sistemas de salud y un incremento en la morbilidad y mortalidad de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía. El iodo povidona es un desinfectante muy utilizado para eliminar la carga bacteriana cutánea. Objetivo: Constatar si el iodo povidona es mejor que otros desinfectantes cutáneos en la reducción de las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en Google Académico, PubMed y Embase utilizando los términos Mesh; iodo povidona, infección del sitio quirúrgico, cirugía, antisépticos locales, unidos por el operador booleano AND y los filtros Adultos, desde 2015, y ensayos clínicos controlados. Se aplicó la escala de Jadad para riesgo de sesgos y el Consort 2010 y la lista de chequeo PRISMA para determinar la calidad del estudio. El riesgo relativo fue la medida de efecto para un IC95 y un error de 0,05. Se incluyeron 8 ensayos clínicos controlados, n= 4800 casos, con la distribución de eventos en los grupos experimental 140/2402 y control 141/2398, para una diferencia no significativa p=0,444. La heterogeneidad fue I2=62,57 por ciento. Conclusiones: No existieron diferencias entre el iodo povidona y el resto de los desinfectantes para disminuir el porcentaje de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico en este estudio(AU)


Introduction: Preoperative skin decontamination is part of standard surgical practice. Surgical site infection implies an additional cost to health systems and an increase in morbidity and mortality of patients undergoing surgery. Povidone iodine is a widely used disinfectant to eliminate the bacterial load on the skin. Objective: To verify if povidone iodine is better than other skin disinfectants in reducing surgical site infections. Methods: A search of articles and controlled clinical trials published since 2015 was carried out in Google Scholar, PubMed and Embase and using terms of the Mesh such as povidone iodine, surgical site infection, surgery, local antiseptics, joined by the Boolean operator AND in addition to Adult filters. The Jadad scale for risk of bias and Consort 2010 and PRISMA checklist were applied to determine the quality of the study. Relative risk was the measure of effect for CI95 and an error of 0.05. Eight controlled clinical trials were included, n= 4800 cases, with the distribution of events in the experimental groups 140/2402 and control 141/2398, for a non-significant difference p=0.444. Heterogeneity was I2=62.57 percent. Conclusions: There were no differences between povidone iodine and the rest of the disinfectants to reduce the percentage of surgical site infections in this study(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Povidona-Iodo/administração & dosagem , Pele , Desinfetantes/administração & dosagem , Metanálise
11.
Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol ; 66(6): T20-T26, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35853605

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Spinal metastases (SM) account for 5-30% of patients with cancer, causing pain, deformity and/or neurological deficit. Postoperative complications are a concerning subject and wound-related complications (WRC) may delay adjuvant treatment. The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence of WRC in patients with SM that underwent surgical treatment as well as possible risk factors related to the occurrence of complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with SM operated between 2011 and 2021 were analyzed. Demographics characteristics, primary tumor, general and neurological status, Tokuhashi score, type of surgical treatment, surgical length, preoperative serum albumin and hemoglobin, pre and postoperative adjuvant treatment were analyzed. The incidence and risk factors of WRC -surgical site infection, hematoma, and/or dehiscence- at 90 days was evaluated. Patients were classified in two groups according to the absence/presence of WRC. RESULTS: 198 patients (121 males and 77 females) with an average age of 65 years (range 54-73 years) were analyzed. WRC were observed in 44 patients (22%). On multivariable analysis, significant predictors for developing WRC were low Tokuhashi score (OR=7.89, 95% CI=1.37-45.35, p=.021), prostate cancer as primary tumor (6.73, 1.14-39.65, p=.035), and preoperative serum albumin level ≤3.5g/dL (2.31, 1.02-5.22, p=.044). There was no difference between groups on 90 days survival rate (p=.714). CONCLUSIONS: In our series, the incidence of WRC was 22%, main risk factors for complications were low Tokuhashi score, lower preoperative serum albumin, and prostate cancer. Finally, short-term survival rate was not affected by the occurrence of WRC.

12.
Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol ; 66(6): 438-444, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35277370

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Spinal metastases (SM) account for 5-30% of patients with cancer, causing pain, deformity and/or neurological deficit. Postoperative complications are a concerning subject and wound-related complications (WRC) may delay adjuvant treatment. The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence of WRC in patients with SM that underwent surgical treatment as well as possible risk factors related to the occurrence of complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with SM operated between 2011 and 2021 were analyzed. Demographics characteristics, primary tumor, general and neurological status, Tokuhashi score, type of surgical treatment, surgical length, preoperative serum albumin and hemoglobin, pre and postoperative adjuvant treatment were analyzed. The incidence and risk factors of WRC - surgical site infection, hematoma, and/or dehiscence - at 90 days was evaluated. Patients were classified in two groups according to the absence/presence of WRC. RESULTS: 198 patients (121 males and 77 females) with an average age of 65 years (range 54-73 years) were analyzed. WRC were observed in 44 patients (22%). On multivariable analysis, significant predictors for developing WRC were low Tokuhashi score (OR=7.89, 95% CI=1.37-45.35, p=0.021), prostate cancer as primary tumor (6.73, 1.14-39.65, p=0.035), and preoperative serum albumin level ≤3.5g/dL (2.31, 1.02-5.22, p=0.044). There was no difference between groups on 90 days survival rate (p=0.714). CONCLUSIONS: In our series, the incidence of WRC was 22%, main risk factors for complications were low Tokuhashi score, lower preoperative serum albumin, and prostate cancer. Finally, short-term survival rate was not affected by the occurrence of WRC.

13.
Rev. venez. cir ; 75(1): 35-40, ene. 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1391610

RESUMO

La preparación intestinal se ha utilizado en cirugía de colon y recto por una variedad de razones, se cree que un colon limpio facilita la manipulación del intestino, permite el paso y disparo de engrapadoras quirúrgicas y permite la colonoscopia intraoperatoria, si es necesario. Sin embargo, el aspecto más estudiado y debatido de la preparación intestinal es su papel en la reducción de la morbilidad quirúrgica, es decir, las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico (ISQ). La cirugía de colon y recto tiene una de las tasas más altas de ISQ reportadas para todos los tipos de cirugía electiva, con revisiones recientes que muestran tasas que varían del 5,4% al 23,2%, con una media ponderada del 11,4%. (1). La preparación mecánica del intestino (PMI) se usó como un medio para disminuir la concentración bacteriana intraluminal con la esperanza de reducir las tasas de infección. Eventualmente, se agregaron antibióticos no absorbibles a las preparaciones intestinales para reducir aún más el contenido bacteriano intestinal(AU)


Bowel preparation has been used in colon and rectal surgery for a variety of reasons. A clean colon is thought to facilitate bowel manipulation, enable passage and firing of surgical staplers, and allow for intraoperative colonoscopy, if needed. The most studied and debated aspect of bowel preparation, however, is its role in reducing surgical morbidity, namely surgical site infections(SSIs). Colon and rectal surgery has among the highest rates of SSIs reported for all types of elective surgery, with recent reviews demonstrating rates varying from 5.4% to 23.2%, with a weighted mean of 11.4%(AU)


Assuntos
Reto/cirurgia , Colonoscopia , Colo/cirurgia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica , Antissepsia , Morbidade , Colite Isquêmica
14.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 73(5): 587-591, oct. 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388883

RESUMO

Resumen Objetivo: Este estudio se llevó a cabo para valorar las consecuencias de la perforación iatrogénica de la vesícula biliar (PIVB), investigando su asociación con complicaciones posoperatorias, uso de antibióticos y drenajes, duración de la cirugía y estancia posoperatoria. Materiales y Método: Se incluyeron 1.703 pacientes con colecistectomía laparoscópica electiva, divididos en dos grupos: con PIVB (Grupo 1; n = 321) y sin PIVB (Grupo 2; n = 1.382). Se compararon los resultados entre ambos grupos. Resultados: El porcentaje de PIVB fue de 18,85%. El vertido aislado de bilis ocurrió en 241 pacientes (14,15%) y el de bilis y cálculos en 80 pacientes (4,64%). La incidencia de infección del sitio quirúrgico no fue diferente entre ambos grupos. La incidencia de PIVB fue mayor en varones (43,3% vs 31,3%), pacientes con adherencias perivesiculares (17,75% vs. 10,5%) y pacientes con diagnóstico histológico de colecistitis aguda (11,52% vs. 4,92%). La PIVB se asoció significativamente con mayor duración de la cirugía (77,3 vs. 65,4 minutos), mayor uso de drenajes y antibióticos y mayor estancia posoperatoria. No hubo complicaciones tardías. Discusión y Conclusión: La PIVB no aumenta la incidencia de infección, pero se asocia con un mayor uso de drenajes y antibióticos, mayor duración de la cirugía y mayor estancia posoperatoria.


Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the outcomes in patients with iatrogenic gallbladder perforation (IGP), investigating its association with postoperative complications, use of antibiotics and drains, operative time and postoperative stay. Materials and Method: 1703 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included and divided in two groups: with IGP (Group 1, n = 321) and without IGP (Group 2, n = 1382). We compared the outcomes between both groups. Results: The IGP rate was 18.85%. Isolated bile spillage occurred in 241 patients (14.15%), and stone spillage in 80 patients (4.64%). The incidence of surgical site infections was not different between both groups. The IGP rate was significantly higher in male (43.3% vs 31.3%), in patients with perivesicular adhesions (17.75% vs 10.5%) and in patients with histologic diagnosis of acute cholecystitis (11.52% vs 4.92%). Operative time was significantly longer in patients with IGP (77.3 vs 65.4 minutes). Intraoperative drain and antibiotic use, as well as postoperative stay were, also, significantly higher in patients with IGP. There was not any late complication. Conclusión: Bile and gallstones spillage do not lead to an increase in surgical site infections, but is associated with an increased use of antibiotics and drains, longer operative time and longer postoperative stay.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/efeitos adversos , Doenças da Vesícula Biliar/cirurgia , Doença Iatrogênica , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/epidemiologia , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/métodos , Duração da Cirurgia , Doenças da Vesícula Biliar/complicações
15.
Cir Cir ; 89(2): 156-162, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33784283

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to measure the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) and identify risk factors, in patients undergoing elective surgery of the colon and rectum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cohort study was performed from January 2017 to December 2018. RESULTS: A total of 130 patients were studied. The cumulative incidence of SSI was 12.3%. The 56.25% were superficial wound infections and the 31.25%, organ-space infection. The risk factors significantly associated with SSI were the non-administration of pre-operative oral nutrition, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, symptomatic state at the diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC), and ≥ 2 altered nutritional biochemical parameters at diagnosis. After multivariate , risk factors associated with SSI were: non-administration of preoperative enteral nutrition (odds ratio [OR] = 0.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.07-1.0), DM (OR = 3.0; 95% CI: 0.9-9.9), the heart disease (OR = 4.6; 95% CI: 1.1-18.6), and laparoscopic surgery (OR = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.08-0.97). The average stay was higher in patients with a diagnosis of SSI (11.9 vs. 9.2 days). CONCLUSIONS: Independent risk factors for SSI in CRC were the non-administration of pre-operative enteral nutrition, the existence of heart disease, and open surgery.


OBJETIVO: Estudiar la incidencia de infección del sitio quirúrgico y evaluar sus factores de riesgo en pacientes intervenidos de cirugía colorrectal electiva. MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio de cohortes prospectivo desde enero de 2017 hasta diciembre de 2018. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 130 pacientes. La incidencia acumulada de infección del sitio quirúrgico fue del 12,3% (n = 16), siendo el 56,25% infecciones de herida y el 31,25% infecciones órgano-espacio. Los factores de riesgo asociados a infección del sitio quirúrgico con significación estadística fueron la no administración de nutrición oral preoperatoria, la diabetes mellitus, la enfermedad cardiaca, la presencia de síntomas en el momento del diagnóstico de cáncer colorrectal y tener al menos dos parámetros bioquímicos nutricionales alterados. Tras el análisis multivariante se asociaron la no administración de nutrición enteral preoperatoria (odds ratio [OR] = 0,27; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: 0,07-1,0), la diabetes mellitus (OR = 3,0; IC95%: 0,9-9,9), la enfermedad cardiaca (OR = 4,6; IC95%: 1,1-18,6) y la cirugía laparoscópica (OR = 0,28; IC95%: 0,08-0,97). La estancia media fue mayor en los pacientes con diagnóstico de infección del sitio quirúrgico (11,9 frente a 9,2 días). CONCLUSIONES: Los factores de riesgo independientes para el desarrollo de infección del sitio quirúrgico en los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal fueron la no administración de nutrición oral preoperatoria, la enfermedad cardiaca y la cirugía abierta.


Assuntos
Cirurgia Colorretal , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório , Cirurgia Colorretal/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Incidência , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco
16.
Rev. venez. cir ; 74(2): 39-43, 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1369691

RESUMO

La infección del sitio quirúrgico es uno de los tipos más frecuentes de infección asociada al cuidado de la salud, tiene un impacto en el estado físico y mental de los pacientes, aumentando el riesgo de mortalidad. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la incidencia de infección del sitio quirúrgico en cirugías electivas y de emergencia, y su distribución según la patología. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo y observacional en el cual se incluyeron pacientes del servicio de Cirugía General I del Hospital Miguel Pérez Carreño, entre enero de 2019 y julio de 2021, a quienes se les realizó un procedimiento quirúrgico. Resultados: Se incluyeron 1341 pacientes. La incidencia global de infección de sitio quirúrgico fue de 9,77%, la mayoría de las infecciones fueron en cirugías de emergencia con una incidencia de 10,7% y de 4,17% en cirugías electivas. Las patologías con mayor porcentaje de infección fueron el trauma abdominal, seguido de la obstrucción intestinal. La incidencia de infección del sitio quirúrgico en patología apendicular fue de 10,4%. El microorganismo aislado con mayor frecuencia en los cultivos realizados fue E. coli. Conclusiones: La infección del sitio quirúrgico es una complicación frecuente en la cirugía de emergencia y requiere ser considerada y prevenida en el trauma abdominal, las obstrucciones intestinales y las peritonitis apendiculares. Conocer la incidencia de está complicación y comparar con estudios internacionales es fundamental para establecer protocolos propios para su control y prevención(AU)


Surgical site infection is one of the most frequently reported types of healthcare-associated infections, it has a negative impact on patients physical and mental health and increase the risk of mortality. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence of surgical site infection in elective and emergency surgeries, and its distribution according to the pathology. Methods: Retrospective and observational study, in which patients from the General Surgery Service I of the Hospital Miguel Pérez Carreño were included, between January 2019 and July 2021, who went under a surgical procedure. Results: In total 1341 patients were included. The overall incidence of surgical site infection was 9.77%, most of the infections were in emergency surgery with an incidence of 10.7% and 4.17% in elective surgeries. The pathologies with the highest percentage of infection were abdominal trauma followed by bowel obstruction. The incidence of surgical site infection in appendicular pathology was 10.4%. The most frequently isolated pathogens in the cultures performed was E. coli. Conclusions: Surgical site infection is a frequent complication in emergency surgery and needs to be considered and prevented in abdominal trauma, bowel obstructions, and complicated appendicitis. Knowledge of the incidence of this complication and comparing it with international studies is essential to establish own protocols for its control and prevention(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pacientes , Peritonite , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica , Escherichia coli , Infecções , Obstrução Intestinal , Salas Cirúrgicas , Cirurgia Geral , Ferimentos e Lesões , Mortalidade , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Emergências
17.
J Wound Care ; 29(LatAm sup 3): 53-55, 2020 Nov 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33251958

RESUMO

Five common complications with surgical wounds: prevention and management On 3 September 2020, at the Semana HEI virtual conference, vascular surgeon Juan Francisco Benalcázar Freire, from Hospital de Especialidades de las Fuerzas Armadas in Quito, Ecuador, presented a webinar describing the most common issues when facing surgical wounds. In this report, Dr Benalcázar summarises the key take-away messages from his talk and encourages health professionals not to focus on surgical site infection (SSI) alone, but also on other five common complications in surgical wounds.


SINOPSIS: El 3 de septiembre de 2020, durante la conferencia virtual Semana HEI (heridas, estomas e incontinencias), el cirujano vascular Juan Francisco Benalcázar Freire, del Hospital de Especialidades de las Fuerzas Armadas en Quito, Ecuador, presentó un webinar que describió las complicaciones más frecuentes en heridas quirúrgicas. En este reporte, el Dr Benalcázar resume los puntos más relevantes de su ponencia y alienta a los profesionales de la salud a enfocarse no sólo en la profilaxis de la infección del sitio quirúrgico, sino también en los cinco problemas más comunes de la herida quirúrgica. CONFLICTO DE INTERÉS: JFBF ha trabajado como presentador en conferencias organizadas o auspiciadas por Essity.


Assuntos
Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/terapia
18.
Cir Esp (Engl Ed) ; 98(8): 456-464, 2020 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32723503

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: While several studies have examined the correlation between vitamin D concentrations and post-surgical nosocomial infections, this relationship has yet to be characterized in hepatobiliary surgery patients. We investigated the relationship between serum vitamin D concentration and the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients in our hepatobiliary surgery unit. METHODS: Participants in this observational study were 321 successive patients who underwent the following types of interventions in the hepatobiliary surgery unit of our center over a 1-year period: cholecystectomy, pancreaticoduodenectomy, total pancreatectomy, segmentectomy, hepatectomy, hepaticojejunostomy and exploratory laparotomy. Serum vitamin D levels were measured upon admission and patients were followed up for 1 month. Mean group values were compared using a Student's T-test or Chi-squared test. Statistical analyses were performed using the Student's T-test, the Chi-squared test, or logistic regression models. RESULTS: Serum concentrations >33.5 nmol/l reduced the risk of SSI by 50%. Out of the 321 patients analyzed, 25.8% developed SSI, mainly due to organ-cavity infections (incidence, 24.3%). Serum concentrations of over 33.5 nmol/l reduced the risk of SSI by 50%. CONCLUSIONS: High serum levels of vitamin D are a protective factor against SSI (OR, 0.99). Our results suggest a direct relationship between serum vitamin D concentrations and SSI, underscoring the need for prospective studies to assess the potential benefits of vitamin D in SSI prevention.


Assuntos
Doenças do Sistema Digestório/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/efeitos adversos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/sangue , Vitamina D/sangue , Idoso , Infecção Hospitalar/sangue , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/microbiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Proteção , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/diagnóstico , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/epidemiologia
19.
Educ. med. super ; 34(1): e1862, ene.-mar. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED, LILACS | ID: biblio-1124663

RESUMO

Introducción: Las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico pueden prevenirse con la aplicación de las mejores evidencias científicas, que incluyen como elemento clave la educación de los profesionales de la salud. Objetivo: Evaluar en qué medida se incluyen los aspectos relacionados con la prevención de las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico en los currículos de los estudiantes de la carrera de medicina y los residentes de cirugía general, y se abordan los conocimientos y las habilidades por parte de los profesores. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo y transversal, que contó con la revisión documental de los programas de formación de estudiantes y residentes. Además, se aplicó un cuestionario a 9 profesores de la asignatura Cirugía General de los hospitales clínico quirúrgicos "Joaquín Albarrán" y "Manuel Fajardo", durante mayo-junio de 2018. Resultados: En la rotación por cirugía general y en el internado médico se dejó explícito el objetivo de prevenir las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico, mientras en la residencia se hizo menos énfasis en el tema. La enseñanza de la higiene de las manos, la profilaxis antibiótica y la notificación de infecciones resultaron prioritarias. Se observaron diferencias en el abordaje de temas en estudiantes y residentes, y las prácticas de prevención seleccionadas no fueron abordadas sistemáticamente en ambos grupos de educandos. Las habilidades requeridas para la prevención de las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico se consideraron sistemáticamente por la mayoría de los docentes. Conclusiones: Se ha demostrado la existencia de brechas en los currículos formativos, y en el desarrollo de los conocimientos y las habilidades relacionados con la prevención de las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico en estudiantes de medicina y residentes de cirugía general(AU)


Introduction: Surgical site infections can be prevented with the application of the best scientific evidence, which includes, as a key element, the education of health professionals. Objective: To assess the extent to which aspects related to the prevention of surgical site infections are included into the curricula of medical students and of general surgery residents, and the extent to which knowledge and skills are addressed by professors. Methods: Descriptive and cross-sectional study, which included documentary review of the training programs for students and residents. In addition, a questionnaire was applied to nine professors of the subject General Surgery from Joaquín Albarrán Clinical-Surgical Hospital and Manuel Fajardo Clinical-Surgical Hospital, in the period from May to June 2018. Results: In the General Surgery rotation and in the medical internship, the objective of preventing surgical site infections was made explicit, while less emphasis on the subject was made in the residence. Teaching hand hygiene, antibiotic prophylaxis, and notification of infections were a priority. Differences were observed among students and residents regarding the way they address topics, while the prevention practices chosen were not systematically addressed in both groups of learners. The skills required for the prevention of surgical site infections were systematically considered by the majority of professors. Conclusions: The existence of gaps in training curricula was shown, as well as regarding the development of knowledge and skills related to the prevention of surgical site infections in medical students and General Surgery residents(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Estudantes de Medicina , Cirurgia Geral , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica , Estudos Transversais
20.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 37(1): 23-31, feb. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092718

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: Las infecciones asociadas a la atención de salud son un problema frecuente en el ambiente hospitalario. La higiene de manos es la medida más efectiva para su prevención. El uso de ciertos accesorios en las manos podría disminuir su efectividad y favorecer la transmisión horizontal de agentes infecciosos. Objetivo: Revisar los estudios publicados que evalúan el impacto del uso de anillos y uñas esmaltadas en la calidad de la higiene de manos en trabajadores de la salud. Métodos: Búsqueda no sistemática en base de datos PUBMED/MEDLINE (1978-2018) de estudios en los cuales se mide la calidad de la higiene de manos o lavado quirúrgico, mediante cultivos cuantitativos o tinciones fluorescentes. Resultados: Uso de anillos: Trece de 51 artículos cumplían los criterios de inclusión. Siete fueron realizados en unidades clínicas, y en todos ellos éste se asoció a menor calidad de la higiene de manos (la mayoría de baja calidad). Contrariamente, en tres de cuatro estudios primarios realizados en pabellón (de baja calidad), su uso no impactó en la calidad del lavado quirúrgico. Igualmente, dos revisiones sistemáticas obtuvieron similares conclusiones. Uñas esmaltadas: siete de 54 artículos fueron incluidos. En cuatro hubo resultados discordantes (la mayoría de baja calidad). En un estudio controlado se observó reducción en la calidad del lavado quirúrgico sólo cuando el esmalte estaba dañado. El esmalte gel se asoció a menor calidad de la higiene de manos en dos estudios experimentales. Conclusiones: No existe evidencia de calidad suficiente para asociar el uso de estos accesorios con reducción en la calidad de la higiene de manos. Tampoco queda demostrada su inocuidad. En base a la evidencia disponible (la mayoría de baja calidad), se observó un impacto negativo del uso de anillos en unidades clínicas y también de uñas con esmalte dañado en pabellones quirúrgicos. Se requieren estudios de mejor calidad para abordar estos relevantes tópicos.


Abstract Background: Health-care-associated infections are a frequent problem in hospital environments. Hand hygiene is the most effective measure to prevent outbreaks. The use of certain accessories could decrease its effectiveness, facilitating horizontal transmission of pathogens. Objective: Analyze the evidence that assess the impact of the use of rings and nail polish on hand hygiene quality in healthcare workers. Methods: Non-systematic search in PUBMED/MEDLINE database (1978-2018) of studies in which the quality of hand hygiene or surgical washing is measured, using quantitative cultures or fluorescent stains. Results: Wearing rings: 13 studies met the inclusion criteria. Seven were carried out in general wards. In all of them the use of rings was associated with lower quality of hand hygiene (the majority of low quality). Contrarily, in 3 of 4 primary studies carried out in the operating rooms (of low quality), their use did not affect the quality of surgical washing. Similarly, two systematic reviews obtained similar conclusions. Nail polish: 7 of 54 studies met the inclusion criteria. In four of them there were discordant results (the majority of low quality). One RCT showed a reduction in the quality of surgical washing only when the nail polish was damaged. Gel nail polish was associated with lower quality in two experimental studies. Conclusions: There is insufficient evidence to associate the use of these accessories with the reduction in the quality of hand hygiene. Its safety was not proven neither. Based on the available evidence (the majority of low quality), a negative impact of the use of rings in clinical units and also of damaged nail polish in operating rooms was observed. Better quality studies are required to address these relevant issues.


Assuntos
Humanos , Desinfecção das Mãos/normas , Infecção Hospitalar , Pessoal de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Cosméticos/normas , Joias/estatística & dados numéricos , Higiene das Mãos/estatística & dados numéricos , Salas Cirúrgicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Polônia
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...